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As jurisdictions seek ways to respond to the increasing numbers of people with mental illness coming into contact with the criminal justice system, mental health courts are emerging around the country. In the late 1990s, only a few such courts were accepting cases. Since then, some 70 others have been established or are in planning stages. Congress has promoted the development of mental health courts with the passage in 2000 of America's Law Enforcement and Mental Health Project Act, which instructed the Attorney General to fund demonstration projects. The resulting Mental Health Courts Grant Program, which relies on a flexible definition of what constitutes a mental health court, provided grants to 37 courts in 2002 and 2003 and will continue to fund TA for all existing courts through 2005.